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Carl Jung
1875–1961 · Analytical psychology
What we refuse to see in ourselves, we meet in other people.
Historical context
A break with Freud produced a psychology centred on symbol, myth and individuation. Jung's work sits between clinical practice and interpretive theory.
Core ideas
- The shadow: disowned material that acts anyway.
- Projection: attributing to others what we cannot hold ourselves.
- Individuation: integration rather than perfection.
Critiques & misreadings
- Key constructs such as the collective unconscious are difficult to test empirically.
- Jung's work is widely borrowed by popular writers who strip out its caution.
Modern application
Track your strongest irritations for a week. They are data about you before they are data about others.
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